Technology Development
Anode-Free Lithium Metal Batteries (AFBs)
    AFBs eliminate traditional anodes, using only a copper current collector, which enhances energy density. However, challenges like lithium dendrite growth remain. A recent study visualized lithium plating dynamics under pressure differences, revealing that high-pressure regions form dense lithium deposits, improving battery performance
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Lithium-Sulfur (Li-S) Batteries
    Li-S batteries are gaining attention due to their ultra-high theoretical energy density (~2600 Wh/kg). Recent research has focused on mitigating polysulfide shuttling and improving cycle life. A study demonstrated a regulated electronic and ionic conductive framework using carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and sulfur-coated aramid fibers, achieving an initial capacity of 1437.6 mAh g⁻¹ and energy density of 468.6 Wh kg⁻¹
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    Solid-state batteries are emerging as a next-generation technology, offering higher energy density (400-500 Wh/kg), improved safety (no thermal runaway), and faster charging times compared to conventional lithium-ion batteries. Key innovations include sulfide and oxide-based solid electrolytes, which enhance ionic conductivity and stability. Major companies like Toyota, CATL, and QuantumScape are targeting commercialization by 2027.
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